World Social Protection Report

Universal social protection to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals

 

  • A global overview of recent trends in social protection systems and social protection floors (SDG 1.3);
  • The current state of social protection for children, for women and men of working age, for people with disabilities, and for older persons;
  • Global, regional and country data on coverage, benefits and public expenditure;
  • A 2015 baseline for monitoring the SDG indicator 1.3.1.

 

 

Chapter 1 - Introduction | Figures

Figure 1.1   Towards comprehensive social security systems: Number of policy areas covered in social protection programmes anchored in national legislation, 1900–2015 PDF
Figure 1.2   Development of social protection programmes anchored in national legislation by policy area, pre-1900 to post-2010 (percentage of countries) Excel
Figure 1.3   SDG indicator 1.3.1: Percentage of the total population covered by at least one social protection benefit (effective coverage), 2015 Excel

 Chapter 2 - Social protection for children | Figures

Figure 2.1   Overview of child and family benefit schemes (periodic cash benefits), by type of scheme and benefit, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 2.2   Child and family cash benefit schemes, by type of scheme, 2015 or latest available year PDF
Figure 2.3   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for children and families: Percentage of children and households receiving child and family benefits, by region, latest available year Excel
Figure 2.4   Public social protection expenditure (excluding health) on children (percentage of GDP) and share of children 0–14 in total population (percentage), latest available year Excel
Table 2.1   Newly announced child and family social protection measures (selection), 2014–17 PDF

Chapter 3 - Social protection for women and men of working age | Figures

The quest for income security

Figure 3.1   Public social protection expenditure (excluding health) on people of working age (percentage of GDP) and share of working-age population (15–64) in total population, (percentage), latest available year Excel
Figure 3.2   Public social protection expenditure (excluding health) on people of working age (percentage of GDP), by income level, latest available year Excel

Maternity Protection

Figure 3.3   Maternity cash benefit schemes, by type of scheme, 2015–16 PDF
Figure 3.4   Maternity protection, legal coverage: Percentage of women in employment protected by law in case of loss of income during maternity, 2015 or latest available year PDF
Figure 3.5   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for mothers with newborns: Percentage of women giving birth receiving maternity cash benefits, by region, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 3.6   Maternity protection, effective coverage: Percentage of women in employment contributing to maternity cash benefits schemes or otherwise entitled to such benefits, 2015 or latest available year  PDF
Figure 3.7   Duration of paid maternity leave in national legislation, 2015 or latest available year (weeks) PDF
Figure 3.8   Level of maternity cash benefits as a percentage of previous earnings, 2015 or latest available year PDF
Figure 3.9   Antenatal care coverage by region, latest available year (percentage of live births) Excel
Figure 3.10   Births attended by skilled health personnel, latest available year (percentage) Excel
Figure 3.11   Inequities in access to maternal health-care services, by wealth quintile, selected countries, latest available year (percentage) Excel
Figure 3.12   Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) and percentage of live births attended by skilled health personnel, 2015 Excel

Unemployment protection

Figure 3.13   Overview of unemployment protection schemes, by type of scheme and benefit, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 3.14   Unemployment protection schemes, by type of scheme, 2015 or latest available year PDF
Figure 3.15   Unemployment protection, legal coverage: Percentage of the labour force covered by unemployment protection schemes, latest available year PDF
Figure 3.16   Unemployment benefits, legal coverage: Percentage of workers covered by unemployment protection schemes by region, latest available year Excel
Figure 3.17   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for unemployed persons: Percentage of unemployed persons receiving unemployment cash benefits, latest available year Excel
Figure 3.18   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for unemployed persons: Percentage of unemployed persons receiving unemployment cash benefits, latest available year PDF
Figure 3.19   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for unemployed persons: Percentage of unemployed persons receiving cash benefits (contributory or non-contributory), latest available year Excel
Figure 3.20   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for unemployed persons: Percentage of unemployed persons receiving unemployment cash benefits and share of unemployed aged 16–64 at risk of poverty, selected European countries, 2015 Excel

Employment injury protection

Figure 3.21   Employment injury protection schemes, by type of scheme, latest available year  PDF
Figure 3.22   Employment injury protection, effective coverage: Active contributors to a scheme as a percentage of the labour force, selected countries, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 3.23   Replacement rates for permanent disability in employment injury protection schemes, selected countries, 2015 or latest available year (percentage) Excel
Figure 3.24   Replacement rates for temporary disability in employment injury protection schemes, selected countries, 2015 or latest available year (percentage) Excel

Disability benefits

Figure 3.25   Overview of disability cash benefit schemes, by type of scheme and benefit, 2015 Excel
Figure 3.26   Disability benefit schemes, by type of scheme, 2015 or latest available year PDF
Figure 3.27   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for persons with severe disabilities: Percentage of persons with severe disabilities receiving disability cash benefits, by region, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 3.28   Impact of adjusting for disability-related costs on measured poverty rates, selected countries (percentage) Excel

Chapter 4 - Social protection for older women and men: fighting poverty through pension systems | Figures

Figure 4.1   Overview of old-age pension schemes, by type of scheme and benefit, 2015 or latest available year PDF
Figure 4.2   Old-age pensions, legal coverage: Percentage of the working-age population (15-64 years) covered by existing law under mandatory contributory and non-contributory old-age pensions, by region and type of scheme, latest available year Excel
Figure 4.3   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Percentage of persons above statutory pensionable age receiving a pension, by region, latest available year Excel
Figure 4.4   Old-age pensions, effective coverage: Active contributors to pension schemes as a percentage of the labour force and working age, by region, latest available year  Excel
Figure 4.5   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Percentage of the population above statutory pensionable age receiving an old-age pension, 2000 and 2010–15 PDF
Figure 4.6   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Comparison of the proportion of the population above statutory pensionable age receiving an old age pension, 2000 and 2010–16 (percentage) Excel
Figure 4.7   Public social protection expenditure on pensions and other benefits, excluding health, for persons above statutory pensionable age (percentage of GDP), and share of older population 65 and above in total population (percentage), latest available year Excel
Figure 4.8   Public social protection expenditure on pensions and other benefits, excluding health, for persons above statutory pensionable age, by country income level, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel
Figure 4.9   Old-age pensions, effective coverage: Percentage of the labour force contributing to a pension scheme, by sex, latest available year Excel
Figure 4.10   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Percentage of the population above statutory pensionable age receiving an old-age pension, by sex, latest available year Excel 
Table 4.1   Indexation methods PDF
Figure 4.11   Average replacement rates at retirement in public pension schemes, selected European countries, 2013 and projected for 2060 (percentage) Excel
Table 4.2   Government announcements of pension reforms (contraction), 2010–16 PDF
Table 4.3   Old-age pensions: Parametric reforms, selected countries, 2013–17 PDF

Chapter 5 - Towards universal health coverage | Figures

Figure 5.1   Percentage of global rural population without health protection by legislation, affiliation or health insurance, 2015 Excel
Figure 5.2   Rural/urban deficits in legal coverage by region, 2015 (percentage of population) Excel
Figure 5.3   Global health workforce shortages in rural and urban areas Excel
Figure 5.4   Populations in rural and urban areas without access to health services due to health workforce shortages (percentage) Excel
Figure 5.5   OOP as a percentage of total health expenditure paid by rural populations, 2015 PDF
Table 5.1   Rural and urban OOP as a percentage of total health expenditure, selected countries, 2015 PDF
Figure 5.6   Deficits in health coverage and access to health care in rural and urban Cambodia, 2015 PDF
Figure 5.7   Deficits in health coverage and access to health care in rural and urban Nigeria, 2015 Excel
Figure 5.8   Distribution of the world’s population aged 65+, by region, 2013 (percentage)  Excel
Figure 5.9   Gaps in legal LTC coverage, 2015 (percentage of total population) PDF
Figure 5.10   Existing LTC workforce and shortages towards universal coverage by region, 2015 Excel
Figure 5.11   Population 65+ excluded from LTC due to workforce shortages, by region, 2015 (percentage) Excel
Table 5.2   Overview of common organizational and financial approaches to providing for LTC PDF
Table 5.3   Gaps in universal LTC protection in Ghana PDF
Figure 5.12   Exclusion from health care due to workforce shortages in the health sector, by country level of income, 2014 (as a percentage of total population) Excel
Figure 5.13   Employment size and composition in the global health protection supply chain, 2016 (percentage) Excel
Figure 5.14   Current and future employment potential of paid and unpaid workers in health (HO) and non-health occupations (NHO) to achieve UHC (in millions, public and private employment, 2016 or latest available year) Excel
Figure 5.15   Additional employment potential to achieve UHC by 2030, by region (thousands) Excel
Table 5.4   Share of population (65+) experiencing OOP for LTC (home and institutional care), selected countries, 2015 (percentage)  PDF
Table 5.5   Health protection measures announced, selected countries, 2014–17   PDF

Chapter 6 - Monitoring progress in social protection: Regional trends | Figures

Africa

Figure 6.1   SDG indicator 1.3.1: Percentage of population in Africa covered by at least one social protection benefit (effective coverage), 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.2   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for children and families: Percentage of children and households in Africa receiving child and family cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.3   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for mothers with newborns: Percentage of women giving birth in Africa receiving maternity cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.4   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for unemployed persons: Percentage of unemployed in Africa receiving unemployment cash benefits, latest available year Excel
Figure 6.5   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for persons with severe disabilities: Percentage of persons with severe disabilities in Africa receiving disability cash benefit, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.6   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Percentage of population above statutory pensionable age in Africa receiving an old-age pension, latest available year Excel
Figure 6.7   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for vulnerable groups of population: Percentage of vulnerable populations in Africa receiving non-contributory cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.8   Public social protection expenditure in Africa, excluding health, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel
Figure 6.9   Composition of social protection expenditure in Africa, excluding health, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel

Americas

Figure 6.10   SDG indicator 1.3.1: Percentage of population in the Americas covered by at least one social protection benefit (effective coverage), 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.11   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for children and families: Percentage of children and households in the Americas receiving child and family cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.12   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for mothers with newborns: Percentage of women giving birth in the Americas receiving maternity cash benefit, 2015 or latest available year  Excel
Figure 6.13   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for unemployed persons: Percentage of unemployed in the Americas receiving unemployment cash benefits, latest available year Excel
Figure 6.14   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for persons with severe disabilities: Percentage of persons with severe disabilities in the Americas receiving disability cash benefit, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.15   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Percentage of population above statutory pensionable age in the Americas receiving an old-age pension, latest available year  Excel
Figure 6.16   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for vulnerable groups of population: Percentage of vulnerable populations in the Americas receiving non-contributory cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.17   Public social protection expenditure in the Americas, excluding health, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel
Figure 6.18   Composition of social protection expenditure in the Americas, excluding health, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel

Arab States

Table 6.1   Social protection schemes for private sector workers in the Arab States PDF
Table 6.2   Schematic structure of social protection in the Arab States PDF
Table 6.3   Accrual rates for the calculation of pensions and maximum amounts of pension, selected countries (percentage) PDF
Figure 6.19   Old-age pensions, effective coverage: Percentage of the labour force contributing to a pension scheme in the Arab States, selected countries, latest available year Excel
Figure 6.20   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Percentage of population above statutory pensionable age in the Arab States receiving an old-age pension, selected countries, latest available year Excel
Table 6.4   Employment injury protection, legal coverage: Percentage of the labour force covered by employment injury protection schemes, selected countries  PDF
Figure 6.21   Public social protection expenditure, excluding health, in the Arab States, selected countries, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel
Figure 6.22   Composition of social protection expenditure, excluding health, in the Arab States, selected countries, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel

Asia and the Pacific

Figure 6.23   SDG indicator 1.3.1: Percentage of population in Asia and the Pacific covered by at least one social protection benefit (effective coverage), 2015 or latest available year  Excel
Figure 6.24   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for children and families: Percentage of children and households in Asia and the Pacific receiving child and family cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.25   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for mothers with newborns: Percentage of women giving birth in Asia and the Pacific receiving maternity cash benefit, 2015 or latest available year  Excel
Figure 6.26   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for unemployed persons: Percentage of unemployed in Asia and the Pacific receiving unemployment cash benefits, latest available year Excel
Figure 6.27   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for persons with severe disabilities: Percentage of persons with severe disabilities in Asia and the Pacific receiving disability cash benefit, 2015 or latest available year  Excel
Figure 6.28   China: Expansion of old-age pension coverage, 2001–13 Excel
Figure 6.29   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Percentage of population above statutory pensionable age in Asia and the Pacific receiving an old-age pension, latest available year  Excel
Figure 6.30   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for vulnerable groups of population: Percentage of vulnerable populations in Asia and the Pacific receiving non-contributory cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year  Excel
Figure 6.31   Public social protection expenditure, excluding health, in Asia and the Pacific, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel
Figure 6.32   Composition of non-health social protection expenditure in Asia and the Pacific, excluding health, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel

Europe and Central Asia

Figure 6.33   SDG indicator 1.3.1: Percentage of population in Europe and Central Asia covered by at least one social protection benefit (effective coverage), 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.34   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for children and families: Percentage of children and households in Europe and Central Asia receiving child and family cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.35   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for mothers with newborns: Percentage of women giving birth in Europe and Central Asia receiving maternity cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year  Excel
Figure 6.36   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for unemployed persons: Percentage of unemployed persons in Europe and Central Asia receiving unemployment cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.37   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for persons with severe disabilities: Percentage of persons with severe disabilities in Europe and Central Asia receiving disability cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.38   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for older persons: Percentage of population above statutory pensionable age in Europe and Central Asia receiving an old-age pension, latest available year Excel
Figure 6.39   SDG indicator 1.3.1 on effective coverage for vulnerable groups of population: Percentage of vulnerable population in Europe and Central Asia receiving non-contributory cash benefits, 2015 or latest available year Excel
Figure 6.40   Public social protection expenditure, excluding health, in Europe and Central Asia, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel
Figure 6.41   Composition of social protection expenditure, excluding health, in Europe and Central Asia, latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel

Chapter 7 - Monitoring progress in social protection: Global outlook | Figures

Figure 7.1   SDG indicator 1.3.1: Effective social protection coverage, global and regional estimates by area (percentage) Excel
Figure 7.2   Public social protection expenditure, excluding health, latest available year (percentage of GDP)  PDF
Figure 7.3   Extending social security coverage to the self-employed and workers in microenterprises: Number of registered monotax enterprises and insured members, Uruguay, 2006–13 Excel
Figure 7.4   Non-contributory pensions as a percentage of the national poverty line, single person, latest available year Excel
Figure 7.5   Distribution of population by age group based on estimates and projections, 1950–2050 (percentage) Excel
Figure 7.6   Number of countries contracting public expenditure in terms of GDP, 2008–20 Excel
Table 7.1   Main adjustment measures considered by region, 2010–15 (number of countries) PDF

Statistical annexes

Part A The demographic, economic and labour market environment

Demographic indicators
Table A.1 Demographic trends: Dependency ratios Excel
Table A.2 Demographic trends: Ageing Excel
Table A.3 Fertility, child and maternal mortality, life expectancy at birth Excel
Table A.4 Life expectancy at 20, 60, 65 and 80 years old, exact age, both sexes (in years) Excel
Labour force and employment indicators
Tables A.5 - A.6 Labour force to population ratios at ages 15-64, 15+ and 65+ Excel
Tables A.7 - A.8 Employment to population ratio at ages 15-24 and 15+ (latest available year) Excel 
Table A.9 Status in employment (latest available year) Excel
Table A.10 Unemployment as a percentage of the labour force (latest available year) Excel 
Economic and  poverty indicators
Table A.11 Poverty and income distribution (latest available year) Excel
Table A.12 GDP and Human Development Index (HDI), various years Excel

Part B The demographic, economic and labour market environment

Table B.1 Ratification of ILO up-to date social security conventions, by region Word
Table B.2 Overview of national social security systems Excel
Effective coverage (SDG indicator 1.3.1)
Table B.3 Social protection effective coverage (SDG indicator 1.3.1) Excel
Children
Table B.4 Child and family benefits: Key features of main social security programmes and social protection effective coverage (SDG indicator 1.3.1 for children and families with children) Excel
Maternity
Table B.5 Maternity: Key features of main social security programmes and social protection effective coverage (SDG Indicator 1.3.1. for mothers with newborns) Excel
Unemployment
Table B.6 Unemployment: Indicators of effective coverage. Unemployed who actually receive benefits, 2000 to latest available year (SDG indicator 1.3.1 for unemployed) Excel
Employment injury
Table B.7 Employment injury: Key features of main social security programmes Excel
Disability Benefits
Table B.8 Disability benefits: Key features of main social security programmes and social protection effective coverage (SDG indicator 1.3.1 for persons with severe disabilities) Excel
Old age
Table B.9 Old-age pensions: Key features of main social security programmes Excel
Table B.10 Non-contributory pension schemes: Main features and indicators Excel
Table B.11 Old-age effective coverage: Active contributors Excel
Table B.12 Old-age effective coverage: Old-age pension beneficiaries (SDG indicator 1.3.1 for older pensions) Excel
Health-specific indicators
Table B.13 Deficits in Universal Health Protection by Rural/Urban Areas (Global, Regional and Country Estimates) Excel
Table B.14 The SDG gaps towards universal coverage in Long Term Care Excel
Table B.15 Global estimates of current employment in the health economy and the employment potential of investments in UHC by 2030 Excel
Social protection expenditure
Table B.16 Public social protection expenditure, 1995 to latest available year (percentage of GDP) Excel
Table B.17 Public social protection expenditure by guarantee (percentage of GDP) Excel