Viet Nam
Publications
Situation et prioritiés
Situation de la protection sociale
Viet Nam has a relatively well developed social protection system. This includes social insurance (SI) system that covers a wide range of contingencies, as well as a Social Assistance (SA) system.
However, SI and social assistance (SA) policies have been independently designed and implemented through the years, making the expansion of coverage and effective financing of social protection a challenge.
As of 2023, compulsory SI covers around 38% of the working age population, while voluntary SI only covers around 4%, whilst covering a more limited set of contigencies.
Investment in Social Protection remains at around 4%, significantly below both the regional and global average . As a result, the coverage of Social Assistance, both in terms of beneficiaries (around 3 million) and monthly cash benefit level ($12 as an average) remains insufficient.
Viet Nam has made strong progress towards achieving universal health coverage, with social health insurance (SHI) covering around 92% of the population as of 20222. However, coverage remains inequitable, with the low enrolment of the near-poor, irregular contributions, weak enforcement, and low awareness of the benefits of SHI all contributing to effective coverage gaps.
Priorités du gouvernement
The Government, the Party and the Social Partners in Viet Nam remain dedicated and focus on strengthening Vietnam's social protection system.
This is in line with the trend observed in recent decades, and includes, in 2023, ongoing key policy reforms such as:
- Social Insurance Law revision
- Employment Law revision (which covers Unemployment Insurance)
- Development of a new Party Resolution on Social Policies
- Creation of a Social Assistance Law
Projets et programmes de l'OIT
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Towards a Multi-Tiered Social Protection System in Viet Nam that Leaves No One Behind
08.06.2023 - 07.06.2026 USD 807 684 Australia
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Addressing informality in Viet Nam through policy coordination and sectoral action
01.03.2023 - 31.08.2024 USD 400 000
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Accelerating the Achievement of Universal Social Protection to Leave No One Behind
05.12.2022 - 31.12.2025 USD 3 152 501 IrelandExpected outcomes:
- Outcome 1: Social protection coverage in Viet Nam is extended and enhanced with the aim to increase inclusiveness, adequacy of benefits and fiscal space
- Outcome 2: Social protection policy measures are adopted to reinforce efficiency, governance, operations, and financial management of the social protection system.
- Outcome 3: An inclusive culture of social protection is promoted in Viet Nam, ensuring that the capacity of leaders and practitioners is strengthened and that vulnerable groups are informed about social protection rights and services.
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Promoting and building social protection in Asia (4th phase)
15.03.2021 - 31.12.2024 USD 2 876 358 Japan
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Viet Nam - Inclusive growth, social protection and jobs
20.12.2016 - 30.06.2024 USD 1 870 942 Ireland
Resultats
The ILO has provided significant technical support, capacity building and advocacy to the Government, the Party, and the Social Partners through some of the key social protection reforms which have taken place in recent years, including:
- Social Insurance Law revision (2014)
- Social Health Insurance Law revision (2014)
- Party Resolution 15 on Social Policies (2015)
- The Road Map for Social Assistance Reform and Development (MPSARD) (2017)
- Party Resolution 28 on Social Insurance Reform (MPSIR) (2018)
- Increase of Retirement Age (2019)
- Government Decree 20 on Social Assistance Reform (2021).
- Party Resolution 42 on Social Policies (2023).
Further to these achievements, the ILO continutes to provide support to all stakeholders on all the ongoing policy reforms described above.
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The Social Insurance Law was revised and endorsed.
31.12.2021 VNM151
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New regulations on the extension of Social Assistance have been endorsed by the Prime Minister
15.03.2021 VNM151Expected impacts:
- Number of persons effectively covered(related SDG indicator 1.3.1) : 240 000
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A roadmap for reform for promoting pension adequacy and sustainability has been developed
31.07.2020 VNM151
News and Events
- OpEd: Year of the Dragon: Time for social protection to take flight in Vietnam
- Central Executive Committee of the Viet Nam Communist Party issued the Party Resolution No 42-NQ/TW on Social Policies
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Vietnam Women’s Union develops new training package for gender-responsive social protection
06.12.2022 - 08.12.2022
- ILO underlines the need to make Social Insurance more attractive for workers through the ongoing law revision
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ILO, Vietnamese Women Union join forces to promote gender equality in social insurance and ensure social protection rights in Viet Nam
16.07.2021 - 16.07.2021
- Prime Minister urges the ILO to contiune to support the revision of the Social Insurance Law, in the occasion of the ILO DG visit to Viet Nam
Espaces de travail
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Capacity Building Workshop: Extending Social Protection to the Informal Economy in Vietnam
24.12.2018
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ILO-Luxembourg Regional Project 'Support to the extension of Social Health Protection in South-East Asia'
12.02.2020
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ILO - Irish Aid Partnership Programme 2016 - 2021: Inclusive growth, social protection and jobs
05.08.2020
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Accelerating the Achievement of Universal Social Protection to Leave No One Behind
13.11.2023