Education

-         Free education from 12 years to 15 years (kindergarten- high school). Gov granted 19,000 million baht to reduce 5 educational expenses of its people; tuition fee, textbooks, learning materials, uniforms, and activities to develop the quality of students. There are also projects which provide milk and bicycles to students.

-         Free education for persons with disabilities from birth to death. This also includes technology, materials, and other assistance related to education.

-         Student loan project (Kor-Yor-Sor): for student in which his family earns less than 200,000 baht per year. The beneficiaries can take out loan when they are in high school level, vocational certificate level, high vocational certificate level and university level

            Health Care

-         Government benefit: before include only government employees, but now includes also state enterprise employees, political government employees and its family members. Funded by central government. Because the payment system = government pays accordingly to service providers but not exceed than the specified rate, making it difficult to specify the expense framework.

-         Social security: beneficiaries are employees in economic sector. Equal contribution from employer/employees and government.

-         UCS

            Amenities

-         Provides amenities for persons with disabilities or the elderly in facilities such as airport/train station/ bus station/ hospital/ government offices

-         Since we are facing the aging society problem, Thai private sector started to think about providing these amenities for the elderly especially service and travelling sectors (hotels, shopping centres, tourist attractions)

            Housing

-         Housing development in countryside area project (The king’s sustainable economy)

-         Government Housing project

-         Public and private housing project

 

            Children and Youth

-         Provide care and vocational training: in foster home and other children related facilities, operates by MoSDHS

-         Provide assistance to children within family and community. This has been divided into 3 groups; first, assistance will be given to children whose family is poor and is facing problems; second, assist in finding temporary foster family and permanent foster family by approving child adoption (both Thai and foreign); third, support private sector to establish foster home and child care to be a benefit for the ministry’s employees and families with low income.

            Elderly

-         Elderly care: government provides home visit, health consultation, basic housing and other things to cover basic needs. There are 3 groups of volunteers who take care of the elderly.

-         500 baht pension: for every elderly except those who receive government benefit already.

-         Other social assistance: Government provides 2,000 baht (limited 3 times) per head per year for the elderly facing problem of money, food, and clothes. Government provides also legal assistance and advice for the elderly and assistance in cash (500 baht maximum) is given per time.

            Women

-         2 groups are established to establish social benefit for women

-         First group provides vocational training for women in 8 women foster facilities and provides vocational development for women who have been trafficked in protection and vocational development facilities.

-         2^nd group provide help centre for children and women who is in serious conditions from violence (one Stop Crisis Centre: OSCC)

            Person with disabilities

-         foster care for persons with disabilities

-         provides physical materials to assist the disabilities

-         Assistance in cash: 1) 500 baht per month for the disabilities who are registered 2) MoSDHS granted budget every year to assist in physical facilitating equipments

-         Support and development of life quality fund 

            Person with less opportunities

-         The poor: 3 kinds of assistance: 1) in cash – less than 5,000 baht/time 2) in kind – food, transportation, housing, and medical expenses 3) Temporary shelter for the urban poor to assist in case of public danger, have been forced to move (can stay less then 180 hours/time)

-         People on the street/ beggars: 3 kinds of assistance: 1) daily life products, medical expenses, house repairing expenses, capital for work (less than 1,000 baht/time) 2) foster shelter to assist in vocational training 3)provide educational opportunity for children by establishing teacher on the street project which has now become opportunity builder centre for children (now 7 centres, operates in the day time for teachers and children) 

-         People with legal status problem: 1)UCS 2) Free basic education 3) Assistance form hill tribe development centre

-         People with HIV/AIDS: 1)housing 2 ) money and daily life products for families effecting by it (a child receive 1,000 baht per family, but if there are more than 1 child it is limited to 3,000 baht per family) 3 ) money for family limited to 3 times (in bkk – less than 2,000 baht per person, hill tribe person- less than 1000 per person) 4) money for person with HIV/AIDS for vocational purposes (less than 5,000 per person) 5 ) 500 baht pension per person per month

-         People who just leave jail: 1) temporary assistance to the family: traveling/food/product expenses 2) cash assistance for vocational purposes or living expenses 3 ) provide protection and vocational training in remand centres

-         People in sexual business: 1) UCS 2 ) women and minor will be fostered in remand centres in which they receive basic living assistance, basic education, vocational trainings, and provide job placement afterwards then send them to their home origin

            Person who are effected by natural disaster

 

            For Labour force

-         SSI

-         Workmen’s Compensation Fund

-         Provident Fund

-         Fund which help s employees who got lay off, or dead, or that the employers don’t pay the salary

-         Fund for Labourer: circulating fund (promote saving and the beneficiary can take out loan from saving co-operative within the facility)

-         Labour skill development fund: The beneficiary can take out loan for the purpose of skill development

-         Fund to assist person who went working abroad but lost their job to be able to come back to Thailand, and assist people who are going to work abroad (transportation cost to come back to Thailand, housing, medical and food expenses)

            For Government employee

                                    -     Government Pension Fund

                                    -     Provident Fund for permanent employees in government sector which already registered

            For Citizen

-         Fund which established to promote persons employed in agricultural enterprise to save money for their old age, including providing capital for their vocation

 

4.1 The gathering of community organizations which participate in the process of development

-         Decentralization concept

-         Sustainability within local community 

4.2 Corporate Social Responsibility: CSR

-         Sustainable development concept

-         Support Social Enterprise to improve business for public so that they can be a partnership in development

-         2 indicators to measure the CSR operation: 1) Corporate Governance 2) Corporate Social Responsibility, Department of Industrial Works

4.3 Insurance of Private Sector

-         Life insurance

-         Casualty insurance

-         The cooperation of Casualty Insurance Association and Life Insurance Association: Set up the regulations for members; Support member’s business including follow up the movement of insurance activities within or outside the country

There are 4 groups divided according to how it operates.

Group 1: Basic social services by government sector for citizen in general. For ex. Free 15 years basic education, UCS

Group 2: Social services for targeted groups by government sector for special groups such as the elderly, the disabilities, persons with HIV/AIDS, persons with less opportunity, social assistance for children and youth, and people who needs help due to natural disaster

Group 3: Social security services: government sector cooperates with other associate members (both administrating and budgeting). For ex, SSI, Provident Fund, Government Pension Fund, RMF

Group 4: Social services by citizens, individuals, non profit organizations: This group is important in the way that they fill the gaps where the government cannot provide that particular services

 

            Operation mechanisms of each sectors need to be improved

            Government Sector: Lack of coordination between agencies

            Private sector: CSR operates at the moment but can not work with full ability as there is no concrete policy and clear legal mechanism to support the sector to assist in social development sufficiently

            Citizen and local community sector: Main mechanism of field operation. They have important roles in cultural rejuvenation and support between local communities

            Central mechanism to set the direction of policy and integrate social benefit work by “National Committee”. At the moment there are several committees, thus, there is no integration to make the establishment of social benefits sufficient

 

            for children and youth

-         Free 15 year basic education: Problem of quality

-         Mechanism to help children and youth who have problems is not efficient: Children and youth cannot adapt themselves to the change of culture and technology, as they cannot think analytically which leads to inappropriate behaviors

            for working age

-    The informal economy sector cannot get access to Social Security

            for the elderly

-         The system gives cash without giving much importance to the issue of sustainability.

-         No integrating mechanism in the field level to connect with family care such as home visit

            for people with less opportunities

-         The system gives cash without giving much importance to the issue of sustainability.

 

-         5 Factors which effect the investment of social service establishment

-                     The formation, expansion, and migration of citizen

-                     Economic status of citizen

-                     Thai constitution (2007)

-                     Effect of globalization

-                     International biding treaties

-         These factors lead to 3 Levels of investment

-                     S0: Normal trend investment – within conditions

-                     S1: Investment which improve quality and efficient services to be better than basic standards

-                     S2: Investment which improve quality and efficient services to the highest standard compare to successful countries

-         Operation guidance

-         1) In 20 years (2008-2028): The proportion of social investment of Thailand will change. The proportion of education expenses will decrease whereas the medical expenses will increase (aging society). There will be an increasing of saving fund for old age and more expenses to take care of the disabilities and persons with less opportunity.

-         2) Develop the country’s social services to prevent the problem of insufficient fund for social investment in the future. Should pay attention more on the quality of administration. Should give all sectors opportunity to integrate capital and resources to work together (possible with the condition of GDP expansion (at least 4%  per year) in the next 20 years)

 

1.         Integration strategy

 

1.1)            Integration between national, local, and community level

1.2)            Develop province mechanism using provincial plan and indicate clear measurement, so the province will be the main core of integration between district and sub-district and other areas to cooperate in establishing social services

1.3)            Indicate mission and implementation of local administrative organization to support social services establishment by community organization. Improve tax base of local administrative organization so that it can support the operation of the establishment

1.4)            Give all sectors opportunity to be a partnership in policy making according to financial situation of the country. Provide information to citizen about the rights to access services, and develop the sustainability of one self and family which lead to the happiness of the society

 

2.         Establishment strategy: appropriate social services according to age groups

 

2.1)            Develop social services for children and youth: promote analytical   education, education reformation, improve the regulations of budgeting (expenses per head) for basic education to reduce the gaps of education quality, especially in the remote areas

2.2)            Extend social security to informal economy by quickly consider a legislation regarding protection of people who work from home B.E. …. And Draft of Edited Social Security Act B.E. … so that the government contribute an appropriate rate to the beneficiaries accordingly to section 40. Government should quickly consider National Saving Fund Act B.E…. so that it is a voluntary saving fund for all age to be ready for their old age

2.3)            Develop environment to facilitate the operation of welfare society which all sectors involve in the social protection development by focusing more on the role of family and community. The local administrative organization should provide training by case worker to provide knowledge and coordinate with agencies related to social services to assist according to necessity. Should support private business sector mechanism to cooperate using their resources to develop the service with qualities.